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Parasit Vectors
2022 Jan 31;151:43. doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05158-1.
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Molecular and functional characterization of a conserved odorant receptor from Aedes albopictus.
Yan R, Xu Z, Qian J, Zhou Q, Wu H, Liu Y, Guo Y, Zhu G, Chen M.
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BACKGROUND: The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is a competent vector of several viral arboviruses including yellow fever, dengue fever, and chikungunya. Several vital mosquito behaviors (e.g., feeding, host-seeking, mating, and oviposition) are primarily dependent on the olfactory system for semiochemicals detection and discrimination. However, the limited number of studies hampers our understanding of the relationships between the Ae. albopictus olfactory system and the complex chemical world.
METHODS: We performed RT-qPCR assay on antennae of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes of different sexes, ages and physiological states, and found odorant receptor 11 (AalbOr11) enriched in non-blood-fed female mosquitoes. Then, we examined the odorant preference with a panel of physiologically and behaviorally relevant odorants in Xenopus oocytes.
RESULTS: The results indicated that AalbOr11 could be activated by ten aromatics, seven terpenes, six heterocyclics, and three alcohols. Furthermore, using post-RNA interference (RNAi) hand-in-cage assay, we found that reducing the transcript level of AalbOr11 affected the repellency activity mediated by (+)-fenchone at a lower concentration (0.01% v/v).
CONCLUSIONS: Using in vitro functional characterization, we found that AalbOr11 was a broadly tuned receptor. Moreover, we found that AalbOr11 shared a conserved odorant reception profile with homologous Anopheles gambiae Or11. In addition, RNAi and bioassay suggested that AablOr11 might be one of the receptors mediating (+)-fenchone repellency activity. Our study attempted to link odor-induced behaviors to odorant reception and may lay the foundation for identifying active semiochemicals for monitoring or controlling mosquito populations.
Fig. 1. Transcript levels of AalbOr11 in Ae. albopictus antennae. a AalbOr11 transcript levels in antennae of male and female mosquitoes at 1, 3, and 5 day post-eclosion. b AalbOr11 transcript levels in antennae of non-blood-fed (NBF, 1, 3, and 5 days post-eclosion) and blood-fed (BF, 1 h, 48 h, and 96 h after blood-feeding) female mosquitoes. Data are plotted as mean ± SEM, n = 4. Statistical analysis was conducted using Student’s unpaired t-test (ns, not significant, P > 0.05; *, P < 0.05)
Fig. 2. Current response and tuning curves of AalbOr11. a Current response recorded from oocytes expressing AalbOr11/AalbOrco (mean ± SEM, n = 8). The columns with different colors are classified into four catalogs according to chemical structure. b Each catalog displays the active compounds. c Tuning curves of AalbOr11. The 125 odorants are displayed along the x-axis, with those eliciting the strongest response placed near the center, and those eliciting the weaker responses placed near the edges. The kurtosis value is indicated in the graph
Fig. 3. Concentration–response relationships of AalbOr11/AalbOrco to test compounds. a Traces obtained with a single oocyte challenged with a range of six ligand concentrations. b Concentration-dependent relationships between AalbOr11 and its strongest ligands. Mean ± SEM, n = 4–6 for each point. Data obtained with different oocytes were not normalized
Fig. 4. RNAi efficiency and hand-in-cage assays. a Transcript levels of AalbOr11 in 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-day female mosquitoes after injection of AalbOr11-dsRNA and EGFP-dsRNA (mean ± SEM, n = 9). b Effect of AalbOr11 on the response of Ae. albopictus to (+)-fenchone and DEET (mean ± SEM, n = 8–12 cages). Statistical analysis was conducted using Student’s unpaired t-test (ns, not significant, P > 0.05; *, P < 0.05)
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