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Nat Neurosci
2013 Feb 01;162:157-65. doi: 10.1038/nn.3297.
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Dual origins of the mammalian accessory olfactory bulb revealed by an evolutionarily conserved migratory stream.
Huilgol D, Udin S, Shimogori T, Saha B, Roy A, Aizawa S, Hevner RF, Meyer G, Ohshima T, Pleasure SJ, Zhao Y, Tole S.
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The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) is a critical olfactory structure that has been implicated in mediating social behavior. It receives input from the vomeronasal organ and projects to targets in the amygdaloid complex. Its anterior and posterior components (aAOB and pAOB) display molecular, connectional and functional segregation in processing reproductive and defensive and aggressive behaviors, respectively. We observed a dichotomy in the development of the projection neurons of the aAOB and pAOB in mice. We found that they had distinct sites of origin and that different regulatory molecules were required for their specification and migration. aAOB neurons arose locally in the rostral telencephalon, similar to main olfactory bulb neurons. In contrast, pAOB neurons arose caudally, from the neuroepithelium of the diencephalic-telencephalic boundary, from which they migrated rostrally to reach their destination. This unusual origin and migration is conserved in Xenopus, providing an insight into the origin of a key component of this system in evolution.
Figure 7: AOB markers in Xenopus suggest a migrating stream from the DTB. (a–h) In situ hybridization for eomes on sagittal sections of stage 54–55 tadpoles revealed its expression in the thalamic eminence (asterisks, a,e) and in a stream of cells (arrows, a,b,f) terminating in the AOB (arrowheads, a,e). Other AOB markers, lhx5 (b,d) and AP2a (f–h) expression seemed to overlap completely with eomes labeling in the AOB. (i,k) AP2a expression in intact brains revealed a contiguous stream of cells (arrows) from the caudal telencephalon to the AOB (arrowheads). (j,l) Coronal sections revealed expression of eomes and lhx5 in the thalamic eminence (asterisks) and in a cluster of cells at the ventricular margin of progressively rostral sections (arrows), which then appeared to migrate radially outward to merge with the AOB (arrowheads). Rostral is right. All scale bars represent 100 μm. Scale bar in e applies to a; in h applies to b–d,f,g; in k applies to i; in l applies to j.
Image redisplayed with permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
Figure 8: Fluorescent microsphere injection reveals a DTB-to-AOB migration in Xenopus. (a) Stage 54 tadpoles were injected with fluorescent microspheres bilaterally in the thalamic eminence (asterisk in a,b). (b,c) After 3 d of growth, microsphere-carrying cells reached the rostral end of the brain (arrows) and were seen in the AOB (n = 3 brains; two examples are shown). (b,d) The tadpole in a photographed 3 d after injection revealed bilateral migration of the label into the AOBs (arrows). The image in b is shown at a high magnification in d. The images in a, b and d are dorsal views, and the image in c is a lateral view. Rostral is right. (e–g) The tadpole shown in b was sectioned and processed for AP2a expression and serial coronal sections were imaged by fluorescence microscopy. (g) A false color overlay revealed that the fluorescently labeled cells overlapped well with AP2a expression in the AOB (arrows). All scale bars represent 100 μm.
Image redisplayed with permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
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