Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
J Membr Biol
2003 Dec 01;1963:147-55. doi: 10.1007/s00232-003-0632-0.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Passive transport of macromolecules through Xenopus laevis nuclear envelope.
Enss K, Danker T, Schlune A, Buchholz I, Oberleithner H.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Although nuclear pore complexes (NPC) are considered to be key structures in gene expression, little is known about their regulatory control. In order to explore the regulatory mechanism of passive transport of small macromolecules we examined the influence of different factors on the diffusional pathway of NPCs in isolated Xenopus laevis oocyte nuclei. Diffusion of fluorescence-labeled 10-kD dextran was measured across the nuclear envelope with confocal fluorescence microscopy. Surprisingly, the filling state of the perinuclear Ca(2+) store had no influence on passive transport of 10-kD dextran. Furthermore, nuclear envelope permeability was independent of cytoplasmic pH (pH range 8.3-6.3). In contrast, nuclear swelling, induced by omission of the endogenous cytosolic macromolecules, clearly increased nuclear permeability. An antibody against the glycoprotein gp62, located at the central channel entrance, reduced macromolecule diffusion. In addition, nuclei from transcriptionally active, early developmental stages (stage II) were less permeable compared to transcriptionally inactive, late-developmental-stage (stage VI) nuclei. In stage II nuclei, atomic force microscopy disclosed NPC central channels with plugs that most likely were ribonucleoproteins exiting the nucleus. In conclusion, the difference between macromolecule permeability and previous measurements of electrical resistance strongly indicates separate routes for macromolecules and ions across the nuclear envelope.
Bustamante,
Patch clamp detection of transcription factor translocation along the nuclear pore complex channel.
1995, Pubmed
Bustamante,
Patch clamp detection of transcription factor translocation along the nuclear pore complex channel.
1995,
Pubmed Bustamante,
The ion channel behavior of the nuclear pore complex.
1995,
Pubmed Cordes,
Nuclear pore complex glycoprotein p62 of Xenopus laevis and mouse: cDNA cloning and identification of its glycosylated region.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Danker,
Nuclear pore function viewed with atomic force microscopy.
2000,
Pubmed Danker,
Using atomic force microscopy to investigate patch-clamped nuclear membrane.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Danker,
Electrophoretic plugging of nuclear pores by using the nuclear hourglass technique.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Danker,
Nuclear hourglass technique: an approach that detects electrically open nuclear pores in Xenopus laevis oocyte.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dumont,
Oogenesis in Xenopus laevis (Daudin). I. Stages of oocyte development in laboratory maintained animals.
1972,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Finlay,
A complex of nuclear pore proteins required for pore function.
1991,
Pubmed Gerace,
Functional organization of the nuclear envelope.
1988,
Pubmed Golden,
Accumulation of individual pA+ RNAs during oogenesis of Xenopus laevis.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Greber,
Depletion of calcium from the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum reversibly inhibits passive diffusion and signal-mediated transport into the nucleus.
1995,
Pubmed Guan,
Structural analysis of the p62 complex, an assembly of O-linked glycoproteins that localizes near the central gated channel of the nuclear pore complex.
1995,
Pubmed Hinshaw,
Architecture and design of the nuclear pore complex.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hu,
Molecular and functional characterization of the p62 complex, an assembly of nuclear pore complex glycoproteins.
1996,
Pubmed Innocenti,
Identification of a nucleo-cytoplasmic ionic pathway by osmotic shock in isolated mouse liver nuclei.
1993,
Pubmed LOEWENSTEIN,
SOME ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF A NUCLEAR MEMBRANE EXAMINED WITH A MICROELECTRODE.
1963,
Pubmed Mazzanti,
Ion channels in the nuclear envelope.
1990,
Pubmed Mazzanti,
Electrical dimension of the nuclear envelope.
2001,
Pubmed Mazzanti,
ATP-dependent ionic permeability on nuclear envelope in in situ nuclei of Xenopus oocytes.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Nitschke,
The effect of intracellular pH on cytosolic Ca2+ in HT29 cells.
1996,
Pubmed Oberleithner,
Aldosterone and nuclear volume cycling.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Oberleithner,
Nuclear pores collapse in response to CO2 imaged with atomic force microscopy.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Panté,
The nuclear pore complex.
1993,
Pubmed Perez-Terzic,
Structural plasticity of the cardiac nuclear pore complex in response to regulators of nuclear import.
1999,
Pubmed Perez-Terzic,
Conformational states of the nuclear pore complex induced by depletion of nuclear Ca2+ stores.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Peters,
Fluorescence microphotolysis to measure nucleocytoplasmic transport and intracellular mobility.
1986,
Pubmed Rakowska,
ATP-Induced shape change of nuclear pores visualized with the atomic force microscope.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Schäfer,
Aldosterone signaling pathway across the nuclear envelope.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Shahin,
Evidence for Ca2+- and ATP-sensitive peripheral channels in nuclear pore complexes.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Stehno-Bittel,
Diffusion across the nuclear envelope inhibited by depletion of the nuclear Ca2+ store.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
