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The developing embryos of the South African (Xenopus laevis) and Western (Xenopus tropicalis) clawed frogs provide an experimentally tractable and easily visualized model for vertebrate cardiovascular development. Most of the genes used to execute the cardiac developmental program are the same in frogs and humans. Experiments using Xenopus provide an underutilized but valuable complement to studies on the molecular, cellular, physiological and morphological consequences of genetic and environmental influences on cardiac disease.
Allen,
Transgenic Xenopus laevis embryos can be generated using phiC31 integrase.
2005, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Allen,
Transgenic Xenopus laevis embryos can be generated using phiC31 integrase.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Allen,
Reduction of XNkx2-10 expression leads to anterior defects and malformation of the embryonic heart.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Bartlett,
Transient early embryonic expression of Nkx2-5 mutations linked to congenital heart defects in human causes heart defects in Xenopus laevis.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Bartlett,
Characterization of embryonic cardiac pacemaker and atrioventricular conduction physiology in Xenopus laevis using noninvasive imaging.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Bowes,
Xenbase: a Xenopus biology and genomics resource.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Brown,
Tbx5 and Tbx20 act synergistically to control vertebrate heart morphogenesis.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Chen,
The mitochondrial respiratory chain controls intracellular calcium signaling and NFAT activity essential for heart formation in Xenopus laevis.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Chesneau,
Transgenesis procedures in Xenopus.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Cleaver,
Overexpression of the tinman-related genes XNkx-2.5 and XNkx-2.3 in Xenopus embryos results in myocardial hyperplasia.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dagle,
Oligonucleotide-based strategies to reduce gene expression.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dagle,
Pitx2c attenuation results in cardiac defects and abnormalities of intestinal orientation in developing Xenopus laevis.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Fu,
Vertebrate tinman homologues XNkx2-3 and XNkx2-5 are required for heart formation in a functionally redundant manner.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Heathcote,
Common arterial trunk associated with a homeodomain mutation of NKX2.6.
2005,
Pubmed Kolker,
Confocal imaging of early heart development in Xenopus laevis.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kroll,
Transgenic Xenopus embryos from sperm nuclear transplantations reveal FGF signaling requirements during gastrulation.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Latinkić,
Distinct enhancers regulate skeletal and cardiac muscle-specific expression programs of the cardiac alpha-actin gene in Xenopus embryos.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Mohun,
The morphology of heart development in Xenopus laevis.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Moody,
Fates of the blastomeres of the 16-cell stage Xenopus embryo.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Newport,
A major developmental transition in early Xenopus embryos: II. Control of the onset of transcription.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Ogino,
Highly efficient transgenesis in Xenopus tropicalis using I-SceI meganuclease.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Pan,
I-SceI meganuclease-mediated transgenesis in Xenopus.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Pollet,
An atlas of differential gene expression during early Xenopus embryogenesis.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Small,
Transgenic analysis of the atrialnatriuretic factor (ANF) promoter: Nkx2-5 and GATA-4 binding sites are required for atrial specific expression of ANF.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Sparrow,
Regulation of the tinman homologues in Xenopus embryos.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Tomlinson,
Xenopus as a model organism in developmental chemical genetic screens.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
